End Stage Renal Failure: Dialysis Diet

In End Stage Renal Failure, dialysis is required to sustain life. As the patients may loss a mass of nutrients and minerals during dialysis, a proper diet is quite essential for them.
Non-dialysis patients should keep a low-protein diet and reduce daily protein intake to 0.6 g/kg per body weight. The patients lose a large amount of protein during dialysis, so they should increase the protein intake. The recommended protein intake for people on hemodialysis is 1~1.2 g/kg per body weight and peritoneal dialysis is 1.2~1.5 g/kg. They should increase the animal protein and reduce vegetable protein intake for it is abundant of phosphorus.
Dialysis is not effective in eliminating phosphorus. If its level is high in blood, the patients are susceptible to develop itchy itch. The patients are recommended not to have organ meats.
The patients on dialysis do not have restriction on fruits, especially in peritoneal dialysis. As dialysis can remove the potassium in blood, the patients are suggested to have certain amount of fruits rich in potassium like oranges. However, for the patients on dialysis who have no urine, they should limit the potassium intake strictly.
As for the intake of water and salt, the patients on hemodialysis should limit the water intake and reduce daily salt intake less than 1 g in the non-dialysis days. If the patients on hemodialysis still keep normal urine output, it is not necessary for them to limit water and salt intake.
For most of people with End Stage Renal Failure, the blood calcium is low, they are recommended to keep enough supply of vitamin D and calcium. Additionally, they should have ample supply of vitamin B1,B2 and folic acid to relieve anemia.