1. Control the high blood glucose in the body.
From the minute that patients get Diabetes, they should put high blood glucose under strict control and make it normal. The better the blood glucose is, the less Diabetic Nephropathy will be. The standard figure: FBG (fasting blood-glucose) < 6.1 mmol/L, post-dinner blood glucose < 8.0 mmol/ L; GHBALC (glycolated hemoglobin) < 6.5%.
2. Prevent Hypertension.
High blood pressure must be strictly controlled. Keep low-salt diet with proper amount of exercise and replenish calcium. For those who have carried Hypertension, they should insist on taking hypotensor under the guidance of the doctor. Standard figures: for those who have no renal impairments and daily urine protein is less than 1.0g, their blood pressure should be controlled under 130/80 milli Hg; if daily urine protein is more than 1.0g per day, the blood pressure should be controlled under 125/75 milli Hg.
3. Control the high blood fat in the body.
Both low-density lipoprotein and increase cholesterol can lead to proteinuria. So, for those patients whose blood fat is out of order, they should also adjust their blood fat. Standard figures: total cholesterol is less than 4.5 mmol/L; low-density lipoprotein is less than 2.6 mmol/L; high-density lipoprotein is more than 1.1 mmol/L and the triglyceride is less than 1.5 mmol/L.
4. Take regular physical examinations.
Diabetic Nephropathy is an invisible killer, because there isn’t any symptom in its early stage. Therefore, patients should take physical tests regularly, especially the urinary albumin.
Caution: when type II Diabetes is diagnosed, the examination of urinary microalbumin should be done immediately, and for type I Diabetes, the examination should be done five years after the disease’s morbidity. If the first tests show no microalbumin, such examination should be taken once a year.
5. Be cautious when taking medicine.
Once microalbumin appears, patients with or without Hypertension must take angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers and other similar medicines. These medicines can not only reduce high blood pressure, but also lower urinary albumin and postpone the development of renal impairments.
6. Keep proper diet during the treatment.
Controlling the intake of protein is a major way to delay the development of Diabetic Nephropathy and the limited quantity should be determined according to the progress of the disease. Low-salt diet can help ease high blood glucose and edema, and supplement of irony and calcium can enhance the recovery of kidney.
7. Quit smoking.
Smoking would accelerate the aggravation of renal functions. The aggravation speed of renal functions for Diabetes patients who smoke is much faster than that for those who don’t smoke. Therefore, patients should quit smoking from now on.
8. Prevent the infection of urinary system.
Diabetes patients easily suffer from urinary system infection. When it appears, patients should take regular antibiotic treatment to avoid the worsening of renal impairments.
9. Dialysis and kidney transplant.
When the disease develops into Renal Failure, patients should take timely dialysis or proper kidney transplant to regain healthy life.