Prevention of Renal Failure on Diet

1. Proper protein intake
Renal Failure patient should limit the protein intake to lighten nephritic burden. But, if patients eat too less, their muscle and internal organ tissues will be consumed. So, the patient must intake proper and sufficient quantity and quality of protein. The suitable quality of protein is 1-1.2g per kilogram of body weight everyday.

2. Sufficient energy intake
Take sufficient energy while limiting protein intake, in order to avoid insufficient energy intake and causing the increase of nitrogen-containing waste, the patient can take high calorie food with the lowest protein content. For example, using vegetable oil, low protein starch and sugar to cook tasty dessert. The energy intake should be 30-40 calorie per kilogram of body weight every day, avoiding weight loss overly.

3. Pay attention to water intake
When renal failure and hypouresis, the water will accumulate in body, the load of heart blood vessels system will increase, causing a series of symptoms, including no vigor, general edema, gain weight, cough, tachypnea after laying down, HCT decrease, complications of hypertension, heart failure, pericarditis, and occurring unbalanced syndrome of headache, nausea, vomiting, crick, etc. The weight gain everyday should be controlled less than 1kg. The water intake is the total urine volume of the day before add 500-700ml. If the urine volume of the day before is 500ml, the water intake of the whole day should be 500cC + 500 ( 7D0) ml= 1000 ～ 1200ml, including water, porridge, milk, soup, and beverage, etc. The patient should avoid taking too much water. In order to relieve the feeling of thirsty, the patient can rinse mouth, chewing gum, or squeeze a little of lemon juice in the water.

4. Pay attention to salt intake
While in the stage of renal failure, the patient is unable to discharge water and salt, which can cause edema and hypertension easily. The patient should take salt less than 5g/ day.

5.Maintain the balance of calcium and phosphorous
Calcium and phosphorous are the most important mineral substances in body, because these two can maintain bone and teeth growing well, making nerve and muscle work regularly. While short of calcium, the patient should take much milk, calcium, and vitamin D. Phosphorous exists in all the food contained protein. The patient should not only take adequate nutrition, but also decrease phosphorous intake. The only way for patient is to take aluminium hydroxide and calcium carbonate, etc. to combine phosphorous in food while eating.

6. Avoid taking food contained high potassium and phosphorous.
For, the severe damaged kidney can not filter out potassium ion, causing hyperkalemia, which may cause numbness of fingers, weakness, myasthenia of limbs, chest stuffy, tongue stiff, difficult to talk, lose consciouseness, arrhythmias or cardiac standstill.

7. Avoid taking food contained aluminiferous and purine, poisoning, and gout.